Liaocheng City belongs to the temperate monsoon climate zone, exhibiting significant seasonal variations and monsoon climate characteristics, and is classified as a semi-arid continental climate. Spring is dry and windy with abundant sunshine; summer is hot and rainy, with rain and heat occurring simultaneously; autumn is clear and crisp. The average frost-free period is 193-201 days.
Temperature: The average annual temperature in Liaocheng City is 13.1℃. Geographically, temperatures gradually increase from northwest to southeast. Seasonal temperature variations are pronounced. Winter has the lowest temperatures, with January averaging -2.5℃, making it the coldest month of the year; summer has the highest temperatures, with July averaging 26.7℃, making it the hottest month. The average extreme maximum temperature is 41.1℃, and the average extreme minimum temperature is -21.4℃.
Precipitation: The average annual precipitation in Liaocheng City is 578.4 mm, with uneven spatial and temporal distribution. Winter has the lowest precipitation, at 17.9 mm, accounting for 3.1% of the annual precipitation. Summer receives the most rainfall, at 371.8 mm, accounting for 64.3% of the annual precipitation. Spring and autumn account for 32.6% of the annual precipitation. Rainfall varies relatively little between counties and districts. The annual precipitation varies greatly across the city, with the highest annual rainfall reaching 1004.7 mm in wet years and the lowest at 187.2 mm in dry years.
Sunshine: Liaocheng City has abundant solar resources, with total annual solar radiation ranging from 120.1 to 127.1 kcal/cm² and effective radiation from 58.9 to 62.3 kcal/cm², placing it in the medium-to-high range in Shandong Province. Solar radiation is highest in summer, followed by spring, significantly decreasing in autumn, and lowest in winter. The city's average annual sunshine duration is 2567 hours, with May having the most at 274 hours and January the least at 170 hours. There are slight differences between counties and districts, with more sunshine in the northeast (Chiping and Gaotang) and less in the southwest (Shenxian and Yanggu). The average annual wind speed in Liaocheng City is 3.4 meters per second. Monthly average wind speed varies with the seasons, with higher winds in spring and the highest average wind speed in April. Wind speeds are lower in summer, but short-lived strong winds can still occur during localized severe convective weather. Geographically, average wind speeds are higher in the north and lower in the south. The most frequent wind direction throughout the year is southerly or northerly winds, occurring 44% of the time, with the highest frequency in spring; followed by northerly or northerly winds, occurring 30% of the time, with more frequent occurrences in winter; easterly and westerly winds occur less frequently throughout the year.